Neurodevices: Implantable Sensor for Brain-Machine Interface
About
The focus of our group is to develop implantable neurotechnologies for interface to the nervous system. Our experimental focus is to develop interface to nerves, both peripheral nervous system for restoring limb function, and visceral nerves to modulate the autonomic function. The technological focus is on developing A) novel electrodes to interface to nerves – electrodes that small, flexible and compliant to attach or penetrate nerves, B) very large scale integrated circuits to record from or stimulate nerves with low noise and low power specifications, and C) powering schemes, whether self-generated or wireless through capacitive, electromagnetic or ultrasonics. Finally, we build fully implanted system for testing in the animal model to demonstrate restoration of limb and function and visceral organ function.
Team
PI: Nitish Thakor, Professor
Students and Post-Doctoral Fellows
Mark Iskarous
Marlena Raczowka
Marlena Raczowka
Ph.D. student
Marlena Raczowka
Marlena Raczowka
Marlena Raczowka
Ph.D. student
Qihong Wang
Qihong Wang
Qihong Wang
Research Associate
Anoop Patil
Qihong Wang
Qihong Wang
Post doctoral Fellow
Collaborators
Chengkuo (Vincent) Lee
Chengkuo (Vincent) Lee
Chengkuo (Vincent) Lee
National University of Singapore
Ralph Etienne-Cummings
Chengkuo (Vincent) Lee
Chengkuo (Vincent) Lee
Johns Hopkins University
Gert Cauwenberghs
Chengkuo (Vincent) Lee
Gert Cauwenberghs
UCSD
Alumni
PhD Students
PhD Students
PhD Students
Kartikeya Murari
Mohsen Mollazadeh
Elliot Greenwald
Janaka Senarathna
Sanghoon Lee*
Jiahui Wang*
*students with Vincent Lee
Post-docs
PhD Students
PhD Students
Ranga Jegadeesan
Kian An Ng
Sudip Nag
Publications
Reviews
Patil A.C., Thakor N.V., “Implantable neurotechnologies: a review of micro and nano-electrodes for neural recording,” Med Biol Eng Comput, vol. 54(1)., 2016. doi:10.1007/s11517-015-1430-4
Nag S., Thakor N. V., “Implantable neurotechnologies: electrical stimulation and applications. Med Biol Eng Comput, Vol. 54(1), 2016. doi:10.1007/s11517-015-1442-0
Ng KA, Greenwald E., Xu Y.P., Thakor N.V., “Implantable neurotechnologies: a review of integrated circuit neural amplifiers,” Med Biol Eng Comput, vol. 54(1), 2016. doi:10.1007/s11517-015-1431-3
Greenwald E., Masters M. R., Thakor N. V., “Implantable neurotechnologies: bidirectional neural interfaces—applications and VLSI circuit implementations,” Med Biol Eng Comput, Vol. 54(1), 2016. doi:10.1007/s11517-015-1429-x
Agarwal K., Jegadeesan R., Guo Y.-X., Thakor N. V., “Wireless power transfer strategies for implantable bioelectronics: Methodological review,” IEEE Reviews Biomedical Eng., Vol. 1- (1), pp. 136-161, 2017. 10.1109/RBME.2017.2683520
Nuan C. , Luo B., Yang I. H., Thakor N. V., Ramakrishna S., “Biofunctionalized platforms towards long-term neural interface,” J. Current Opinion Biomed. Eng., Vo. 6, pp. 81-91, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobme.2018.03.002
Electrode Technology
Xiang Z, Yen SC, Sheshadri S, Wang J, Lee S, Liu YH, Liao LD, Thakor NV, Lee C, “Progress of Flexible Electronics in Neural Interfacing - A Self-adaptive non-invasive neural ribbon electrode for small nerves recording,” Adv Mater., 2015 Nov 16. doi: 10.1002/adma.201503423.
Lee S., Yen S.-C., Sheshadri S., Martinez D., Xue N., Xiang Z., Thakor N., Lee C., “Flexible epineural strip electrode (FLESE) for recording in fine nerves,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Aug 2015. 10.1109/TBME.2015.2466442.
Nag S., Sharma D., Thakor N. V., “Sensing of stimulus artifact suppressed signals from electrode interfaces,” IEEE Sensors J., pp. 3734 – 3742, Feb., 2015. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2015.2399248.
Xu N., Sun T., Tsang W. M., Delgado-Martinez I., Lee S-H., Seshadri S., Xiang Z., Merugu S., Gu Y., Yen S-C., Thakor N. V. “Polymeric C-shaped cuff electrode for recording of peripheral nerve signal,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 210_ 640-648, 2015.
Wang J., Xiang Z., Gammad G. G. L., Thakor N. V., Yen S.-C., and Lee C., “Development of flexible multi-channel muscle interfaces with advanced sensing function,” Sensors & Actuators: A. Physical, 2016.
Lee S., Zhuolin Xiang Z., Liao L.-D., Bandla A., Xue N., Thakor N. V., Yen S.-C. and Lee C., “Flexible and adjustable neural interface with selective nerve recording and stimulation for neuromodulation,” Adv. Mater., 2016.
Lee S., Sheshadri S., Xiang Z., Delgado-Martinez I., Xue N., Sun T., Thakor N. V., Yen S.-C., Lee C., “Selective stimulation and neural recording on peripheral nerves using flexible split ring electrodes,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, Vol. 242, pp. 1165-1170, 2017.
Puttaswamy S. V., Shi Q., Bandla A., Kim S., Thakor N. V. and Lee C., “Nanowire electrodes integrated on tip of microwire for peripheral nerve stimulation,” IEEE J. Microelectromechanical Systems, 10.1109/JMEMS.2017.2696240.
Chen N., Tian L., Patil A. C., Peng S., Yang I. H., Thakor N. V., Ramakrishna S., “Neural interfaces engineered via nano- and microstructured coatings.” Nano Today, Vol. 14, pp. 59–83, June 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2017.04.007.
Patil A., Bandla A., Liu Y.-H., Luo B., Thakor N.V., “Nontransient silk sandwich for soft, conformal bionic links,” Materials Today (Revision, under review).
Circuits, Powering and Wireless
Sauer C, Stanacevic M, Cauwenberghs G, and Thakor NV, “Power Harvesting and Telemetry in CMOS for Implanted Devices,” IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, Special Issue on “Biomedical Circuits and Systems: A New Wave of Technology, 52(12):2605-2613, 2005.
Murari K, Stanaćević M, Cauwenberghs G, Thakor NV, “Integrated potentiostat for neurotransmitter sensing. A high sensitivity, wide range VLSI design and chip,” IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag, 24(6):23-9, 2005. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16382801
Mollazadeh M, Murari K, Cauwenberghs G., and Thakor NV, “Micropower CMOS integrated low-noise amplification, filtering, and digitization of multimodal neuropotentials,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Systems, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 1-10, 2009. doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2008.2005297. PMID: 20046962
Murari K, Thakor N V, Cauwenberghs G, “Which photodiode to use: a comparison of CMOS-compatible structures,” IEEE Sensors J., vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 752–760, 2009. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20454596.
Greenwald E, Mollazadeh M, Hu C, Tang W, Culurciello E, and Thakor NV, “A VLSI Neural Monitoring system with ultra-wideband telemetry for awake behaving subjects,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits. Systems, Vol. 5 (2), IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst., pp. 112-119, 2011, doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2011.2141670, PMID: 23851199.
Jegadeesan R., Nag S., Agarwal K., Thakor N. V. and Guo Y. X., “Enabling wireless powering and telemetry for neural implants,” IEEE J. Bio. Health Informatics, Vol. 19 (3), pp. 958-970, 2015.
Greenwald E., So E., Mollazadeh M., Maier C., Wang Q., Etienne-Cummings R., Cauwenberghs G., Thakor, N., “A bidirectional neural interface IC with chopper stabilized BioADC array and charge balanced stimulator,” IEEE Biomed. Circuits Systems, Vol.10(5):990-1002. 2016. doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2016.2614845.
Lee S., Wang H., Qiongfeng Shi Q., Dhakar L., Wang J., Thakor N. V., Yen S.-C., Lee C., “Development of battery-free neural interface and modulated control of tibialis anterior muscle via common peroneal nerve based on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs),” Nano Energy, Vol. 33, pp. 1-11, 2017.
Jegadeesan R., Nag S., Agarwal K., Thakor N. V. and Guo Y. X., “Enabling wireless powering and telemetry for neural implants,” IEEE J. Bio. Health Informatics, Vol. 19 (3), pp. 958-970, 2015.
Jegadeesan R., Agarwal K., Guo Y.-X., Yen .-C., and Thakor N. V., “Wireless power delivery to flexible subcutaneous implants using capacitive coupling,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 65, No. 1, pp. 280-292, 2017.
Wang J., Hao Wang H., Thakor N. V., and Lee C., “Self-Powered direct muscle stimulation using a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) integrated with a flexible multiple-channel intramuscular electrode,” ACS Nano, Vol. 13, pp. 3589-3599, 2019.
Palanisamy M., Veluru J.B., Arjun S., Bandla A., Thakor N., Ramakrishna S., Wei H., “Design of thermoelectric generator and its medical applications,” Designs, 2019, 3(2), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/designs3020022.
Khalifa A., Liu Y., Karimi Y., Wang Q., Eisape A., Stanacevic M., Thakor N., Bao Z., Etienne-CummingsR., “The Microbead: A 0.009 mm3 implantable wireless neural stimulator" Article reference: JNE-102886 (accepted).
Neurodevices - Testing and Applications
Lahiri A., Delgado I. M., Sheshadri S., Ng K., Nag S., Yen S.-C., Thakor N. V., “Self-organization of 'fibro-axonal' composite tissue around unmodified metallic microelectrodes can form a functioning interface with a peripheral nerve: A new direction for creating long-term neural interfaces,” Muscle Nerve., Oct 1, 2015 doi: 10.1002/mus.24928. PMID: 26425938.
Xiang Z., Sheshadri S., Lee S.-H., Wang J., Xue N., Thakor N. V., Yen S.-C., and Lee S., “Mapping of small nerve trunks and branches using adaptive flexible electrodes,” Adv. Sci. , 1500386, 2016, DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500386.
Lee S. Wang H., Shi Q., Dhakar L., Wang J., Thakor N. V., Yen S.-C., C. Lee, “Development of battery-free neural interface and modulated control of tibialis anterior muscle via common peroneal nerve based on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs),” Nano Energy, Vol. 33, pp. 1–11, 2017.